Microservices interview prep

• API Gateway Pattern — Request routing, composition, protocol translation, rate limiting, and centralized authentication for microser
• Backend for Frontend (BFF) — API tailoring per client type (web, mobile, IoT), GraphQL federation, and reducing over/under-fetching.
• Bulkhead Pattern — Resource isolation through thread pool isolation, connection pool isolation, and failure containment in micros
• Circuit Breaker Pattern — Closed/Open/Half-open states, cascading failure prevention, and implementations with Hystrix and Resilience4j.
• Configuration Externalization — Centralized configuration management, feature flags, Spring Cloud Config, Consul KV, and runtime reconfigurati
• CQRS — Command/query separation, read/write model separation, eventual consistency, and materialized views.
• Event-Driven Architecture — Event sourcing, event streaming, pub/sub messaging, event store design, and CQRS integration.
• Retry Pattern — Exponential backoff, jitter, retry budgets, idempotency requirements, and retry storm prevention.
• Saga Pattern — Choreography vs orchestration, distributed transactions, compensation actions, and failure handling in microse
• Service Discovery — Client-side vs server-side discovery, service registries (Consul, Eureka, etcd), and health checking strategie
• Sidecar Pattern — Service mesh, cross-cutting concerns (logging, monitoring, security), and implementations with Envoy and Istio
• Strangler Fig Pattern — Legacy migration, incremental modernization, route-based migration, and feature toggles for safe rollout.

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